A year-long ban was imposed on 96-year-old US Judge Pauline Newman, who was appointed in 1984 by then President Ronald Regan.
The Court of Appeals judge was barred after she refused to undergo medical testing amid concerns that she is no longer mentally fit to serve on the bench.
A panel determined Newman showed signs of paranoia, anger and hostility.
Newman insists that she remains physically and mentally fit to decide matters of the law, and has accused her colleagues of making baseless claims in an effort to push her out because of her age.
The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit is one of 13 US appellate courts. It hears cases on issues like government contracts, patents and trademarks, news agency Associated Press reported.
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Federal judges chosen by presidents and confirmed by the US Senate are appointed for life, and there’s no mandatory retirement age.