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Human Rights Watch on Thursday accused Israel of committing "acts of genocide" in the Gaza Strip by damaging water infrastructure and cutting off supplies to civilians, which Israel dismissed as "appalling lies"

HRW accuses Israel of genocide over Gaza water crisis

The HRW report detailed what the group said was the intentional damaging of water and sanitation infrastructure, including solar panels powering treatment plants.

Israel on Thursday faced accusations of "acts of genocide" in Gaza, a charge it denounced as full of "lies", while a medical charity said the devastation caused in the Palestinian territory showed "signs of ethnic cleansing".
They are the latest in a series of similar accusations levelled against Israel -- and denied by the country -- during its 14-month war against Palestinian Hamas militants in the Gaza Strip.
In a new report focused specifically on water, New York-based Human Rights Watch detailed what it called deliberate efforts by Israeli authorities "of a systematic nature" to deprive Gazans of water, which had "likely caused thousands of deaths... and will likely continue to cause deaths".
The war in Gaza was sparked by Hamas's October 7, 2023 attack on Israel that resulted in the deaths of 1,208 people, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally of Israeli official figures.
Since then, Israel's retaliatory offensive has killed at least 45,129 people in Gaza, a majority of them civilians, according to figures from the Hamas-run territory's health ministry that the United Nations considers reliable.
"Human Rights Watch is once more spreading its blood libels in order to promote its anti-Israel propaganda," the foreign ministry said in a statement.
"Since the beginning of the war, Israel has facilitated the continuous flow of water and humanitarian aid into Gaza, despite operating under constant attacks" from Hamas.
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- Israel says supplies ensured -
COGAT, the Israeli defence ministry body responsible for civil affairs in the Palestinian territories, denied using water as a "weapon".
It said three water lines from Israel "are active, supplying an average of 107 litres per person in northern Gaza, 34 litres per person in central Gaza, and 20 litres per person in southern Gaza.
"According to international standards, conflict zones require 15 litres of water per person daily," COGAT said.
In a separate report released on Thursday, Doctors Without Borders (MSF) accused Israel of causing widespread devastation in Gaza and noted "signs of ethnic cleansing" in the north of the Palestinian territory.
Israel in early October began a major military operation in Gaza's north, which it said aimed to prevent Hamas from regrouping there.
In a statement, MSF Secretary General Christopher Lockyear said what his medical teams have seen in Gaza "is consistent with the descriptions provided by an increasing number of legal experts and organisations concluding that genocide is taking place".
Lockyear said "signs of ethnic cleansing and the ongoing devastation -&mdash; including mass killings, severe physical and mental health injuries, forced displacement, and impossible conditions of life for Palestinians under siege and bombardment -- are undeniable."
Israel did not offer an immediate response to MSF's accusation.
The HRW report detailed what the group said was the intentional damaging of water and sanitation infrastructure, as well as the blocking of fuel for generators.
The report concluded that in doing so, "Israeli authorities intentionally inflicted on the Palestinian population in Gaza 'conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part.'"
This, it said, amounted to the war crime of "extermination" and to "acts of genocide".
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- 'Malnourished and dehydrated' -
Israel's foreign ministry said that, in addition to water pipelines, it has also ensured that "water pumping and desalination facilities... remain operational".
HRW stopped short of saying Israel was committing outright "genocide".
Under international law, proving genocide requires evidence of specific intent, which experts say is very difficult.
HRW pointed to a statement by then-defence minister Yoav Gallant as suggestive of Israel's intent. In October 2023, he declared a "complete siege" and said: "No electricity, no food, no water, no gas -- it's all closed."
Israel is facing a case brought by South Africa at the International Court of Justice last December, arguing that the war in Gaza breached the 1948 United Nations Genocide Convention, an accusation Israel has strongly denied.
In November the International Criminal Court issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, for Gallant, and also for Mohammed Deif, military chief of Hamas.
Israel told the court it will appeal the warrants.
The HRW report, drawn up over nearly a year, is based on interviews with dozens of Gazans, staff at water and sanitation facilities, medics and aid workers, as well as satellite imagery, photographs, videos and data analysis.
The lack of water left Gazans vulnerable to water-borne diseases and complications, such as infected wounds and the inability to heal due to dehydration, HRW said.
One emergency room nurse cited in the report said they were forced to decide "not to resuscitate children who were severely malnourished and dehydrated".
In early December Amnesty International accused Israel of "committing genocide" against Palestinians in Gaza.
That came after a United Nations special committee in November said Israel's warfare in Gaza is consistent with the characteristics of genocide. An HRW report at the same time said Israel's displacement of Gazans amounts to a "crime against humanity".
Israel dismissed each of these accusations as false.

The Indonesian army has ended a&nbsp;controversial practice of virginity tests&nbsp;on women who apply to become cadets, according to its chief of staff, a move that has been welcomed by activists.
The so-called "two-finger tests", where doctors would check for the presence of the hymen in female recruits to try to determine if they were virgins, has been called systematic abuse and cruelty, by New York-based Human Rights Watch (HRW), which conducted investigations in 2014 and 2015 and has been rallying to end the archaic practice.
The Indonesian military previously said the tests were important in determining morality of their recruits. The World Health Organization has said these kind of tests have "no scientific validity".&nbsp;Rights activists have welcomed the move, reiterating that such tests were a form of violence against women.
Indonesia-based activists and academics say it was "the right thing to do", adding that the practice was "degrading, discriminatory, and traumatic."

Indonesian army stops invasive 'virginity tests' on female recruits

Big win for women's rights! The Indonesian army ends decades-old abusive practice of 2-finger virginity tests on female recruits.

Indonesian military ends mandatory virginity tests for female recruits
Female recruits were subjected to invasive 2-finger virginity tests
Human rights activists have called the practice abusive &amp; discriminatory
Activists were rallying to end the practice, that was in place for decades
WHO: there is no scientific validity of these kind of 2-finger virginity tests
Indonesian army earlier said tests were to determine morality of recruits
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Human rights groups have welcomed the Indonesian Army chief's&nbsp;apparent decision to end the decades-long, &lsquo;abusive&rsquo; practice.
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The Indonesian army has ended a&nbsp;controversial practice of virginity tests&nbsp;on women who apply to become cadets, according to its chief of staff, a move that has been welcomed by activists.
The so-called "two-finger tests", where doctors would check for the presence of the hymen in female recruits to try to determine if they were virgins, has been called systematic abuse and cruelty, by New York-based Human Rights Watch (HRW), which conducted investigations in 2014 and 2015 and has been rallying to end the archaic practice.
The Indonesian military previously said the tests were important in determining morality of their recruits. The World Health Organization has said these kind of tests have "no scientific validity".&nbsp;Rights activists have welcomed the move, reiterating that such tests were a form of violence against women.
Indonesia-based activists and academics say it was "the right thing to do", adding that the practice was "degrading, discriminatory, and traumatic."

Transgender Rights In India & The World

On 26th September, 2020, in the address made to the United Nations General Assembly, Indian PM Narendra Modi affirmed India&rsquo;s comittment to Transgender rights.
 He stated that &ldquo;rights of Transgenders are also being secured through necessary Legal reforms&rdquo; in India. In doing so, he became one of the few leaders to acknowledge Transgender rights on international forums.
 According to the Human Rights Watch, transgender is the identity of people whose gender assigned at birth does not conform to their lived gender&rdquo;&nbsp;
 Even today transgenders face discrimination across the globe. For instance, US earlier allowed Transgender people in the Army before President Trump reversed the decision in 2017. He claimed that they add &ldquo;tremendous medical costs and disruption&rdquo;
 Russia criminalized educating &ldquo;minors&rdquo; about Transgender in 2013, and banned Transgender people from driving in 2015.
 As of 2019, 16 countries including Japan and Finland require sterilisation for transgender people before granting them official recognition
 Even WHO categorized Transgender health issues under &ldquo;mental and behavioural disorders&rdquo; until 2019.
In the next part we will have a look at hoe transgender people have been embraced historically in India.

human rights watch

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